Desafíos y Reflexiones en la Formación de Docentes Universitarios Inclusivos: una Indagación Narrativa Autobiográfica / Challenges and Reflections in the Training of Inclusive University Professors: an Autobiographical Narrative Inquiry

RESUMEN: En este artículo se da a conocer un estudio realizado mediante la indagación narrativa autobiográfica haciendo uso de la tridimensionalidad de la indagación narrativa: temporalidad, sociabilidad y lugar. Se explora acerca de los desafíos que implica formarse como docente universitario inclusivo, basándose en las historias de Eddy, un profesor universitario hondureño. A través de la lectura del texto, revisiones, conversaciones y reflexiones, los autores pudieron reescribir las narrativas de Eddy. En dicho intercambio emergen y se profundiza en cuatro historias siendo estas: a) encuentro con la discapacidad, b) involucrarse en la lucha por generar un contexto inclusivo, c) formarse como docente inclusivo y d) sus posibles retos en un entorno desigual.

ABSTRACT: In this article, it is disseminated a study conducted through an autobiographical narrative inquiry, using the three-dimensionality of narrative inquiry: temporality, sociability and local. The challenges that imply the training of the inclusive university professor are explored, based on Eddy's stories, a Honduran university professor. Through reading the text, revisions, conversations and reflections, the authors were able to rewrite Eddy's narratives. In this exchange, four stories emerged and were deepened, namely: a) encountering with the disability; b) getting involved in the struggle to generate an inclusive context; c) training as an inclusive professor; and d) his possible challenges in an unequal environment.

Motivations for entering a physical education teacher training program in Chile / Motivações para incursão em um curso superior de educação física no Chile

ABSTRACT Physical education teacher training programs in Chile have a high demand for enrollment and is recognized as one of the attractive professions for young people. The purpouse of this study is to know the reasons that lead young Chileans to choose the physical education teacher training program at a regional university, in the Maule region, Chile. The research was a mixed sequential one, since it was characterized by a first stage, where quantitative data were collected and analyzed, followed by another, where qualitative data were collected and interpreted. At the quantitative part of the study 146 students (54 female and 89 male) answered a questionnaire, and at the qualitative part 6 students (3 men and 3 women) participated in a focus group interview. Previous participation in sport, interest related to a physically active lifestile, and the pleasure of teaching are shown in the results. As conclusions, the students choose to enroll in a physical education teaching program motivated by previous sports and physical activity experiences, and the desire to teach values through sport.

RESUMO Os programas de formação de professores de educação física no Chile têm uma grande demanda por matrículas, e a profissão é reconhecida como uma das mais atrativas para os jovens. A proposta deste estudo é conhecer os motivos que levam jovens chilenos a escolherem o programa de formação de professores de educação física em uma universidade regional, na região de Maule, Chile. A pesquisa foi sequencial mista, pois se caracterizou por uma primeira etapa, onde foram coletados e analisados dados quantitativos, seguida de outra, onde os dados qualitativos foram coletados e interpretados. Na etapa quantitativa do estudo 146 alunos (54 mulheres e 89 homens) responderam a um questionário e na etapa qualitativa 6 alunos (3 homens e 3 mulheres) participaram de uma entrevista de grupo focal. A participação anterior em esportes, o interesse relacionado ao estilo de vida fisicamente ativo e o prazer de ensinar são mostrados nos resultados. Como conclusões, os alunos optam por se matricular em um programa de ensino de educação física motivados por experiências anteriores de esportes e atividades físicas, e o desejo de ensinar valores por meio do esporte..

La Preparación de los Maestros para Estimular la Socialización De los Educandos con Autismo en Condiciones de Inclusión / The Preparation of School Teachers to Stimulate the Socialization of Students with Autism in Conditions of Inclusion

RESUMEN: Los maestros de educación general han expresado su preocupación por la inclusión de educandos con Trastornos del Espectro Autista, debido a la falta de habilidades sociales de los niños, comportamientos estereotipados e intereses restringidos. El objetivo de este estudio es describir y comparar el estado actual de la preparación de los maestros de primaria para estimular la socialización de los educandos con Trastornos del Espectro Autista en escuelas inclusivas. A la luz de una metodología cuantitativa se realizó un estudio descriptivo-comparativo de corte transversal. Se estudiaron 74 maestros (52 mujeres y 22 hombres) encargados de cumplir con el rol docente-educativo de atender a los educandos con Trastornos del Espectro Autista en condiciones de inclusión en una provincia occidental de Cuba. El rango de edad oscila entre 22 y 57 años. Se aplicó un cuestionario y una Ficha de Observación previamente validados para medir la preparación teórica-metodológica y práctica de los maestros. Los resultados muestran que los maestros presentan dificultades para estimular la socialización de los educandos con autismo en escuelas inclusivas. Asimismo, el grado académico, la experiencia en espacios educacionales inclusivos y el área disciplinar resultaron ser variables sociodemográficas que determinan la preparación de los maestros para cumplir con esta tarea educativa. Estos resultados aportan información clave para diseñar estrategias y planes de acción, tanto en la formación inicial como en la práctica cotidiana, en aras de potenciar las competencias teóricas y prácticas de los maestros que asumen este desafío.

ABSTRACT: Basic Education teachers have expressed concern about the inclusion of learners with Autism Spectrum Disorder, due to children's lack of social skills, stereotypical behaviors, and restricted interests. The objective of this study was to describe and compare the current state of preparation of Elementary School teachers to stimulate the socialization of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in inclusive schools. In the light of a quantitative methodology, a descriptive-comparative cross-sectional study was carried out. Seventy-four teachers (52 women and 22 men) in charge of fulfilling the teaching-educational role of attending to students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in conditions of inclusion in a Western province of Cuba were studied. The age ranged from 22 to 57 years. A previously validated questionnaire and Observation Sheet were applied to measure teachers' theoretical-methodological and practical preparation. The results show that teachers have difficulties in stimulating the socialization of learners with autism in inclusive schools. Likewise, the academic degree, the experience in inclusive educational spaces and the disciplinary area turned out to be sociodemographic variables that determine the preparation of the teachers to fulfill this educational task. These results provide key information to design strategies and action plans, both in initial training and in daily practice, in order to enhance the theoretical and practical skills of teachers who take on this challenge.